Answers to Essay Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Answers to Essay Questions - Assignment Example Although economic prosperity was the main motivation behind the move to the West, Native Americans actually suffered deeply during the process due to the struggle with the settlers. After the Civil War, Native Americans confronted a growing wave of settlers, who represented various social classes, including prospectors, ranchers, and farm families (Lincoln, 1997). One of the main problems at that time was that the newcomers brought with them many new diseases that ravaged the tribes. In addition, settlers damaged the Native American economy in many ways, such as by killing off the buffalo, which was one of the main economic resources of Native Americans. Consequently, Native Americans decided to defend their lands and their ways of life against the oncoming settlers. They were engaged in fierce battles during the 1860s and 1870s (Lincoln, 1997). However, lack of resources and spread of diseases led to sharp decreases of the population and power of the tribes. Hence, new settlers succ eeded in stabilizing their existence in Western territories, mainly in Oklahoma, Wyoming, and the Dakotas, challenging the traditional Native American way of life. In this context, it has to be stated that railroads played a major role in the development of the region during that time. Essentially, building of the railroads spurred western settlement, as in 1862, Congress gave permission to the construction of two main railroads to link the Midwest and the West Coast. Those two main railroads are The Union Pacific Railroad, which extended westward from Nebraska; and the Central Pacific Railroad, which went eastward from the Pacific Ocean (Lincoln, 1997). These two railroads met at Promontory Summit, Utah, in 1869, signifying a new era in Western history. Indeed, the expansion of railroads was strongly encouraged by Federal and state governments. This sincere belief in the extreme economic importance of railroads pushed Congress to authorize the building of the transcontinental railr oad in 1862, although this authorization let them agree to loan hundreds of millions of dollars to the two corporations to construct it. In addition, Congress agreed also to give the railroad companies millions of acres of Western land, which the railroads sold to repay their loans. In that sense, many historians argue that such major railroad companies, with the federal support they got, were the actual colonizers of the West (Lincoln, 1997). To visualize the role of railroads in encouraging migration to the West, it is important to refer to the fact that railroads provided free trips to the West and offered long-term loans to settlers. Hence, it can be concluded that railroads played significant roles in the process of settlers’ migration to the West after the civil war. American foreign policy prior to World War I led it to acquire overseas territory, build the Panama Canal, and police Latin America. How did these events come about? What justifications did Americans use fo r these actions? Were these actions justifiable? Prior to World War I, the United States pursued an aggressive policy of expansionism, acquiring overseas territories and extending its political and economic influence around the globe. Historically, the United States

Person-centred approach - Carl Rogers Essay Example for Free

Person-centred approach Carl Rogers Essay

VARIOLA VIRUS Essay examples -- Essays Papers

VARIOLA VIRUS SMALLPOX INTRODUCTION The Variola virus, which is the most virulent member of Genus Orthopoxvirus, is the causative agent of smallpox. It specifically infects humans. The primary reason for infection in humans is due to its ability to evade the host immune responses, and avoid complement activation. Over the centuries, this naturally occurring virus has spread throughout the earth, through various environments, to cause severe outbreaks. The most devastation outbreak had a case-fatality rate of 40 percent in individuals who have not been vaccinated. The Variola virus is a double-stranded DNA virus. It has two envelopes: the outer envelope is present only in the extracellular state. The outer surface or the core membrane, which surrounds the core of the virus, contains lipids and proteins and has a complex symmetry. The core, which has a dumbbell-shape, contains a large amount of the double-stranded DNA (186kbp), about 10 enzymes to mediate gene expression and lots of nucleoproteins- both specific and common. These proteins are involved in DNA transcription, as well as inducing cross-reactive immunity (IOM, 1999). The space outside the core contains lateral bodies – which do not have any known functions. There are two forms of the variola virus: variola major and variola minor. Variola major is the lethal strain, while variola minor is not lethal, but a mild strain, which is very similar to major but is only genetically different. The most common strain is the variola major, which produces the more severe symptoms, and with a fatality rate of 20% to 40%, within the 7th day of infection. The variola minor is the milder form of the disease that has a death rate of less than 1%. Surviving infection from... ...o, Pere, MD. "Smallpox: The Triumph Over the Most Terrible of the Ministers of Death." Annals of Internal Medicine. 1997; 127:635- 42. Ellner, P.D. "Smallpox: Gone but Not Forgotten." Infection. 1998; 26 (5); 263-9. CDC overview: www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination/facts.asp CDC overview2: www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.asp CDC vaccine : www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/vaccination/contraindictions-public.asp Koplow, David. "Smallpox: The Fight to Eradicate a Global Scourge. 2003 IOM(Institute of Medicine): "Live Variola Virus – committee on the assessment of future Scientific needs for live variola virus. National Academy Press; 1999. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). October 1, 2002 http://www.mayoclinic.com/invoke.cfm?id=ds00424 Nature Reviews Immunology 2, 544 (2002); doi:10.1038/nri868

Professional Practice in Early Years Settings Essay

1.1 Explain how the range of early years settings reflects the scope and purpose of the sector The range of Early Years Settings reflects on the requirements of parents and families for their children. Some parents want care for their children so that they can return to work, some may want to stay with their children while they socialise, some may want their children in a setting which offer services aimed at learning, whilst some may want their children to be in a home based environment and some families cannot afford to pay fees for provision. This is why the |Early Year’s sector has various forms of provision to meet the needs of families. Provision include Nurseries, child minders, pre-schools, crà ¨ches, children’s centres and parent and toddler groups. 2.1 Identify current policies, frameworks and influences on the early years There are various policies in place which each setting is required to follow. There are five basic policies of good practice, Equality and Diversity Rights and responsibilities Confidentiality Promote anti discrimination, effective communication. There is also the Childcare Act 2006 were Child minders and childcare providers registered on the Early Years Register must meet the legal requirements set out by this act. The legal requirements you must meet for the safeguarding and welfare and the learning and development of young children are set out in the Statutory Framework for the Early Years Foundation Stage. There is the EYFS Framework which was put into place to ensure every child is given the best possible start in life and to ensure every effort is made ensure a child has equal opportunities to learn in a safe and secure environment. There is also the Foundation Stage, The Birth to Three Matters Framewor k and the National Standards for Under 8s Daycare and Childminding, to which are replaced by the EYFS. There is also the Every Child Matters Framework. The education act introduced free childcare provisions for under-fives and since September 1st 2010 this rose from 12 and a half hours a week to 15 hours a week. 2.2 Explain the impact of current policies, frameworks and influences on the early years sector The purpose and impact of current policies, frameworks and influences on the Early Years sector is about connecting everyone  together as a whole. By having policies and frameworks in place it ensures the safety and welfare of the children. Children are now able to play, engage in and express themselves freely and are being heard. With all groups linked together, working with the same child will mean that the child will learn more effectively. Information is encouraged to be shared with the children and families. Whatever their backgrounds, all children and families are now given the access to affordable quality childcare. 2.3 Describe what is meant by evidence-based practice and give examples of how this has influenced work with children in their early years Evidence based practise is a setting which is influenced by objective evidence gained from research. Professional practices require you to keep up to date with researched findings and to consider how these can be applied to your own setting. An example of how research has influenced work with children is The Effective Provision of Pre-School Education (EPPE) which is a comprehensive report which investigated the effects of pre-school provision, its findings found that children who had attended early years provision were more likely to have better cognitive, social and behaviour skills when they started formal education than those who had no early years provision. EPPE also confirmed the value of early learning through ‘play’ especially from low-income families. Key Elements of effective practice (KEEP) is another example. This documen t emphasises that effective learning in children is dependent on secure relationships. Learning through play and forming secure relationships are both key elements to the EYFS. 4.1 Explain the importance of reviewing own practice as part of being an effective practitioner It is important to review your own practice to enable opportunities to evaluate and reflect on your own work. Reflecting on practice will help to see where changes need to be made and also note if errors have been made and how to rectify them and ensure the same errors are not repeated. To reflect on practice, as a setting you need to be able to provide constructive criticism, question actions and see whether what you are doing is working or whether there is room for improvement. Reflecting on your practise will help you to have a clearer picture of what you actually do within your work role and what is expected of you, and to ensure you are  meeting the required standards. 4.2 Undertake a reflective analysis of own practice Through working with 0-2 year olds it has provided me with opportunities and experience to acknowledge children’s needs by finding ways to communicate through body language. By having opportunities to extend by knowledge via different courses has allowed me to extend my knowledge. Although I have gained a great deal of experience with deal with behaviour and leaning to different forms of discipline, I would like to learn more and extend my knowledge and experience. 4.3 Develop strategies to deal with areas of difficulty and challenge encountered in professional practice in early years setting One of the main difficulties a setting comes across is how to deal with a child that may have difficulties with their behaviour, and how to approach the child’s parents. The first strategy would be to follow the setting’s policy on behaviour and monitor the situation. It may be necessary to approach the parent’s and try and work together. It may be useful to explain the settings policies and strategies to the child’s parents to enable them to carry out the same strategies at home.

Negotiation Tactics

Law of the Olympic Games Law 451D – Sec. 001 (4-Credit Seminar) Spring 2010 Administrative Information Professor Joseph Weiler Instructor: Ken Cavalier E-mail: [email  protected] ubc. ca E-mail: [email  protected] net Phone: 604 – 822 – 4246 Phone: 604 – 581 – 0261 Office: Curtis 221 Instructor: Arun Mohan Instructor: Brian Schecter E-mail: [email  protected] comE-mail: [email  protected] com Phone: 604 – 375 – 3901 Class Schedule: Tuesday: 2 – 5 pm Classroom: UCLL 173 (Lower Level of the Leon and Thea Koerner University Centre) Evaluation Term paper accounts for 2/3 of the final grade. a. Approximately a 30 – 40 page paper is expected. b. The paper is due on Friday, April 30 by 4:30 p. m. c. Papers must be handed in at the Fish Bowl (Reception) Desk in paper format, and e-mailed to Professor Weiler in Word format. Class participation accounts for 1/3 of the final grade. a. A portion of the class participation mark will be based on a discussion that will be led by a student-group and center on the topics delineated in the course schedule (next page). b. A portion of the mark will be based on a discussion outline that must be created and handed out to the class—preferably by e-mail—at least a week before your particular discussion. c. A portion of the mark will be based on participating in the other discussions. Course Materials Students will read from the Course Kit, which will emailed to everyone. In addition, in preparation for the weekly discussions, the class will read the discussion outlines prepared by their fellow students, as well as materials from the suggested readings listed in these outlines. These materials will be available online and/or on course reserve. Schedule The course will follow the schedule detailed below: Week 1January 5Introduction and Administration Week 2January 12Administration: Group Topic Organization Week 3 January 19 The Olympic Movement: Setting the Stage -History, goals, values, benchmarks Week 4January 26 The Bid Process — Fairness, scandals, checks and balances – — Lessons from previous bids Guest: Don Rosenbloom (2010 Bid Corp) Student Discussants: Andy Roy: [email  protected] com Jon Conlin: [email  protected] com Week 5 February 2 Citizen Engagement and the Olympics Plebiscites, interest groups/watchdogs, community activation and mobilization -Housing Impacts: Positive and/or Negative? Guests: Rob VanWynsberghe (UBC: OGI Project) and Brenda Metropolit (VANOC) Student Discussants: Samuel Loeb: [email  protected] com Christian Nielsen: [email  protected] com Week 6 February 9 Eligibility to Play / Judging of Events â €“ Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs, Illegal Drugs, – Gender equity: the Women Ski Jumpers Case – Disability – Nationality – ADR-Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – Comparison with professional sports and tours Guest: Nick Hopewell (Sports Lawyer) Student Discussants: Alexis Marach: [email  protected] com Week 7February 16No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 8February 23No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 9March 2Building and Operating the Games – Operation of the labour market, wage inflation and building costs, regulation of work stoppages employment equity strategies, use of volunteers Guests: Brian Dolsen (2010 Bid Corp, 2010 Legacies Now) and Roslyn Kunin (Canada West Foundation) Student Discussants: Alia Somji: [email  protected] com Peter Thoegersen: [email  protected] dk Emilie Vingtoft-Andersen: [email  protected] com Week 10March 9Revenue Sources: Sponsorship – Trademarks and Sponsorship – Exclusivity – Sponsors as â€Å"Olympic Partners† – Ambush marketing Guest: tba Student Discussants: Chris Filipchuk: c. [email  protected] com Alexandra Tratnick: [email  protected] com Week 11March 16 Revenue Sources: Broadcast -Television, radio, videogames, Internet: Are they complementary or competitive properties and platforms? -Domestic rights, global rights, valuation strategies -Distribution of revenue: IOC and NOCs and OCOGs -Relation to sponsorship Guests: tba Student Discussants: Audrey Lim: audry. [email  protected] com Neil Spencer: [email  protected] a Week 12 March 23 Sustainability and the Olympic Games -The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability Guests: Linda Coady, Margaret Dickson (VANOC) Student Discussants: Alasdair Shaw: [email  protected] gla. ac. uk Week 14 March 30 Aboriginal Inclusion: the Fo ur Host First Nations as Olympic Partners Guest: Tewanee Joseph, Executive Director, Paul Manning (Senior Consultant) : Four Host First Nations (FHFN) Secretariat Student Discussants: Victor Ing: [email  protected] ubc. ca Gina Wu: gina. cy. [email  protected] com Week 14April 6 Olympic Legacies: 2010 Legacies Now Building Better Communities -Sport and Recreation, Literacy, Arts, Volunteers Guests: Bruce Dewar (2010 Legacies Now) Student Discussants: Robert Pinsent: [email  protected] com Week 15April 13Cultural Olympiad -Torch Relay, Opening and Closing Ceremonies -Relation between Cultural Olympiad and other media and entertainment products during Games time -Ambush marketing and citizen protests -Cultural legacies UBC’s Role in the Games Guests: Michelle Aucoin, UBC Olympic Secretariat Student Discussants: Course Wrap-Up April 30 (Friday)Paper Due at 4:30 p. m. Via E-mail to Professor Weiler and Hard Copy to Fishbowl Office Negotiation Tactics Law of the Olympic Games Law 451D – Sec. 001 (4-Credit Seminar) Spring 2010 Administrative Information Professor Joseph Weiler Instructor: Ken Cavalier E-mail: [email  protected] ubc. ca E-mail: [email  protected] net Phone: 604 – 822 – 4246 Phone: 604 – 581 – 0261 Office: Curtis 221 Instructor: Arun Mohan Instructor: Brian Schecter E-mail: [email  protected] comE-mail: [email  protected] com Phone: 604 – 375 – 3901 Class Schedule: Tuesday: 2 – 5 pm Classroom: UCLL 173 (Lower Level of the Leon and Thea Koerner University Centre) Evaluation Term paper accounts for 2/3 of the final grade. a. Approximately a 30 – 40 page paper is expected. b. The paper is due on Friday, April 30 by 4:30 p. m. c. Papers must be handed in at the Fish Bowl (Reception) Desk in paper format, and e-mailed to Professor Weiler in Word format. Class participation accounts for 1/3 of the final grade. a. A portion of the class participation mark will be based on a discussion that will be led by a student-group and center on the topics delineated in the course schedule (next page). b. A portion of the mark will be based on a discussion outline that must be created and handed out to the class—preferably by e-mail—at least a week before your particular discussion. c. A portion of the mark will be based on participating in the other discussions. Course Materials Students will read from the Course Kit, which will emailed to everyone. In addition, in preparation for the weekly discussions, the class will read the discussion outlines prepared by their fellow students, as well as materials from the suggested readings listed in these outlines. These materials will be available online and/or on course reserve. Schedule The course will follow the schedule detailed below: Week 1January 5Introduction and Administration Week 2January 12Administration: Group Topic Organization Week 3 January 19 The Olympic Movement: Setting the Stage -History, goals, values, benchmarks Week 4January 26 The Bid Process — Fairness, scandals, checks and balances – — Lessons from previous bids Guest: Don Rosenbloom (2010 Bid Corp) Student Discussants: Andy Roy: [email  protected] com Jon Conlin: [email  protected] com Week 5 February 2 Citizen Engagement and the Olympics Plebiscites, interest groups/watchdogs, community activation and mobilization -Housing Impacts: Positive and/or Negative? Guests: Rob VanWynsberghe (UBC: OGI Project) and Brenda Metropolit (VANOC) Student Discussants: Samuel Loeb: [email  protected] com Christian Nielsen: [email  protected] com Week 6 February 9 Eligibility to Play / Judging of Events â €“ Use of Performance Enhancing Drugs, Illegal Drugs, – Gender equity: the Women Ski Jumpers Case – Disability – Nationality – ADR-Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) – Comparison with professional sports and tours Guest: Nick Hopewell (Sports Lawyer) Student Discussants: Alexis Marach: [email  protected] com Week 7February 16No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 8February 23No Class due to Midterm Olympic Games Break Week 9March 2Building and Operating the Games – Operation of the labour market, wage inflation and building costs, regulation of work stoppages employment equity strategies, use of volunteers Guests: Brian Dolsen (2010 Bid Corp, 2010 Legacies Now) and Roslyn Kunin (Canada West Foundation) Student Discussants: Alia Somji: [email  protected] com Peter Thoegersen: [email  protected] dk Emilie Vingtoft-Andersen: [email  protected] com Week 10March 9Revenue Sources: Sponsorship – Trademarks and Sponsorship – Exclusivity – Sponsors as â€Å"Olympic Partners† – Ambush marketing Guest: tba Student Discussants: Chris Filipchuk: c. [email  protected] com Alexandra Tratnick: [email  protected] com Week 11March 16 Revenue Sources: Broadcast -Television, radio, videogames, Internet: Are they complementary or competitive properties and platforms? -Domestic rights, global rights, valuation strategies -Distribution of revenue: IOC and NOCs and OCOGs -Relation to sponsorship Guests: tba Student Discussants: Audrey Lim: audry. [email  protected] com Neil Spencer: [email  protected] a Week 12 March 23 Sustainability and the Olympic Games -The Triple Bottom Line of Sustainability: Economic, Environmental and Social Sustainability Guests: Linda Coady, Margaret Dickson (VANOC) Student Discussants: Alasdair Shaw: [email  protected] gla. ac. uk Week 14 March 30 Aboriginal Inclusion: the Fo ur Host First Nations as Olympic Partners Guest: Tewanee Joseph, Executive Director, Paul Manning (Senior Consultant) : Four Host First Nations (FHFN) Secretariat Student Discussants: Victor Ing: [email  protected] ubc. ca Gina Wu: gina. cy. [email  protected] com Week 14April 6 Olympic Legacies: 2010 Legacies Now Building Better Communities -Sport and Recreation, Literacy, Arts, Volunteers Guests: Bruce Dewar (2010 Legacies Now) Student Discussants: Robert Pinsent: [email  protected] com Week 15April 13Cultural Olympiad -Torch Relay, Opening and Closing Ceremonies -Relation between Cultural Olympiad and other media and entertainment products during Games time -Ambush marketing and citizen protests -Cultural legacies UBC’s Role in the Games Guests: Michelle Aucoin, UBC Olympic Secretariat Student Discussants: Course Wrap-Up April 30 (Friday)Paper Due at 4:30 p. m. Via E-mail to Professor Weiler and Hard Copy to Fishbowl Office

Slaughterhouse Five essays

Slaughterhouse Five essays Slaughterhouse Five Throughout history, society, in general, has been molded by the ravages of war. From King Henry VII's invasion of Brittany, to the bloodshed on the shores of Iwo Jima, all the way to the present-day territory dispute in Bosnia and Herzegovina, war abounds mankind and its short history. As nations, ethnicities, ect. constantly attempt to outdo one another war will continue to arise. In recent years much has been said about the poor effects war has on society in a general sense; but what does war do to an individual? This is a question often avoided as a result of the bitter truth: War can all but destroy the sane mind of the common man. This is a fact that was abundantly presented in Kurt Vonnegut's absurdist classic Slaughterhouse Five. The story is initially set during World War II, but moves from place to place, and from time period to time period throughout the novel. The story centers around the infamous fire-bombing of Dresden and the mythic journey of an Ame rican soldier/ prisoner-of-war named Billy Pilgrim. Pilgrim suffers from post traumatic stress syndrome and imagines his abduction by aliens, and a great journey through space and time, to a fictional planet named Tralfamadore. A great deal of strange thoughts occurred inside Bill Pilgrim's mind, but Billy had no control over these thoughts. War has an uncanny ability to inflict mental stress on man. The story of Billy Pilgrim is a near-perfect example of the horrendous way in which war can affect the mind of the common man. As a prisoner of war, Billy Pilgrim is subjected to daily torture ranging from beatings and malnourishment. Pilgrim also witnessed the beatings of many other soldiers, some of whom he was familiar with. Billy Pilgrim's mind was not only a victim of torture, but also the Dresden fire-bombings one of the most deadly acts of war ever. Despite the fact that Billy was confined to a subterranean prisoner-of-war camp during the bombings, he...

Hispanic Surnames, Meanings, and Origins

Hispanic Surnames, Meanings, and Origins Does your last name fall into this list of the 100 most common Hispanic surnames? For additional Spanish surname meanings and origins, see Spanish Surname Meanings, 1–50. Continue reading below this list of common Hispanic surnames to learn about Hispanic naming customs, including why most Hispanics have two last names and what those names represent. 51. MALDONADO 76. DURAN 52. ESTRADA 77. CARRILLO 53. COLON 78. JUAREZ 54. GUERRERO 79. MIRANDA 55. SANDOVAL 80. SALINAS 56. ALVARADO 81. DELEON 57. PADILLA 82. ROBLES 58. NUNEZ 83. VELEZ 59. FIGUEROA 84. CAMPOS 60. ACOSTA 85. GUERRA 61. MARQUEZ 86. AVILA 62. VAZQUEZ 87. VILLARREAL 63. DOMINGUEZ 88. RIVAS 64. CORTEZ 89. SERRANO 65. AYALA 90. SOLIS 66. LUNA 91. OCHOA 67. MOLINA 92. PACHECO 68. ESPINOZA 93. MEJIA 69. TRUJILLO 94. LARA 70. MONTOYA 95. LEON 71. CONTRERAS 96. VELASQUEZ 72. TREVINO 97. FUENTES 73. GALLEGOS 98. CAMACHO 74. ROJAS 99. CERVANTES 75. NAVARRO 100. SALAS Hispanic Surnames: Why Two Last Names? The Hispanic double surname system traces back to the nobility class of Castile in the 16th century. The first surname generally comes from the father and is the primary family name, while the second (or last) surname comes from the mother. A man named Gabriel Garcà ­a Marquez, for example, indicates a fathers first surname of Garcà ­a and the mothers first surname, Marquez. Father: Pedro  Garcà ­a  Pà ©rez  Mother: Madeline Marquez  Rodrà ­guez  Son: Gabriel  Garcà ­a Marquez Portuguese names, including surnames from Brazil where Portuguese is the predominant language, often follow a different pattern than other Spanish speaking countries, with the mothers surname coming first, followed by the fathers name, or primary family name. How Does Marriage Affect the Surname? In most Hispanic cultures women generally keep their fathers surname (maiden name) throughout their life. At marriage, many choose to add their husbands surname in place of their mothers surname, sometimes with a  de  between their fathers and husbands surnames. Thus, a wife will generally have a different double surname than her husband. Some women also choose to use all three surnames. Because of this, children will have a different double surname than either of their parents, as their name is made up of (as discussed previously) their fathers first surname (the one from his father) and their mothers first surname (the one from her father). Wife: Madeline  Marquez  Rodrà ­guez   (Marquez is her fathers first surname,  Rodrà ­guez her mothers)Husband:  Pedro  Garcà ­a  Pà ©rez  Name After Marriage:  Madeline  Marquez  Pà ©rez or  Madeline  Marquez de Pà ©rez Expect Variants- Especially As You Go Back in Time During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Hispanic naming patterns were less consistent. It wasnt unusual, for example, for male children to be given the surname of their father, while females took the surname of their mothers. The double surname system which originated among the Castilian upper classes during the sixteenth century  did not come into common use throughout Spain until the nineteenth century. Thus double surnames in use prior to 1800 may reflect something other than the paternal and maternal surnames, such as a way to distinguish one family with a common surname from others of the same surname. Surnames might also have been chosen from a prominent family or even from grandparents.

15 News Writing Rules for Beginning Journalism Students

15 News Writing Rules for Beginning Journalism Students Gathering information for a news article is vitally important, of course, but so is writing the story. The best information, put together in an overly intricate construction using SAT words and dense writing, can be difficult to digest for readers looking for a quick news fix. There are rules for news writing that result in a clear, direct presentation, providing information efficiently and accessibly to a variety of readers. Some of these rules conflict with what you might have learned in English Lit. Heres a list of 15 rules for beginning news writers, based on the problems that crop most frequently: Tips for News Writing Generally speaking, the lede, or introduction to the story, should be a single sentence of 35 to 45 words that summarizes the main points of the story, not a seven-sentence monstrosity that looks like its out of a Jane Austen novel.The lede should summarize the story from start to finish. So if youre writing about a fire that destroyed a building and left 18 people homeless, that must be in the lede. Writing something like A fire started in a building last night doesnt have enough vital information.Paragraphs in news stories should generally be no more than one or two sentences each, not the seven or eight sentences you probably wrote for freshman English. Short paragraphs are easier to cut when editors are working on a tight deadline, and they look less imposing on the page.Sentences should be kept relatively short, and whenever possible use the subject-verb-object formula. Backward constructions are harder to read.Always cut unnecessary words. For example, Firefighters arrived at t he blaze and were able to put it out within about 30 minutes can be shortened to Firefighters doused the blaze in 30 minutes. Dont use complicated: We arrested the suspect, Detective John Jones said. (Note the placement of the comma.)News stories are generally written in the past tense.Avoid the use of too many adjectives. Theres no need to write the white-hot blaze or the brutal murder. We know fire is hot and that killing someone is generally pretty brutal. Those adjectives are unnecessary.Dont use phrases such as thankfully, everyone escaped the fire unhurt. Obviously, its good that people werent hurt. Your readers can figure that out for themselves.Never inject your opinions into a hard-news story. Save your thoughts for a review or editorial.When you first refer to someone in a story, use the full name and job title if applicable. On all subsequent references, use just the last name. So it would be Lt. Jane Jones when you first mention her in your story, but after that, it would simply be Jones. The only exception is if two people with the same last name are in your story, in which case you could use t heir full names. Reporters generally dont use honorifics such as Mr. or Mrs. in AP style. (A notable exception is The New York Times.) Dont repeat information.Dont summarize the story at the end by repeating whats already been said. Try to find information for the conclusion that advances the story.

Operations and Enterprise Resource Planning Essay

Operations and Enterprise Resource Planning - Essay Example In the present day organization, SAP has taken the centre stage in the current technology revolution and the development of innovations. That is essential in aiding various beneficiaries to run at their best, as well as, improving the lives of individuals all over. This has been through the incorporation of separate systems to be in charge of core business wishes. Therefore, SAP R/3 and SAP ERP are completely integrated synchronized business systems that enable Kids in Asia charity organization, eliminate inconsistencies in sub-systems. With regard to this charity organization, SAP will enhance insight and productivity. Under improving productivity, data inputs are done once; there will be a lack of sub-systems necessary for verifying and consolidating, and data sharing in the organization will be easy through emails and internal messages. Next, the SAP system will significantly reduce risks since it has been successful with a number of organizations. Subsequently, SAP will minimize costs through increasing productivity. As a means of improving efficiency, process standardization, and adaptability, SAP broadens its business eco-system through extrapolating collaborative, information, and transaction functions. Finally, SAP will enable alignment of operations and strategies. Reason being, prior to the adoption of SAP, a vigorous analysis occurs to rectify any possible complications (Benefit of Using SAP for your Business , 2012). There are different reasons for the existence of the need to improve any given supply chain. However, a stiff integration among the suppliers can only improve the general success of a given organization that is majorly dependent on excellent services to its beneficiaries. The use of supply chain management by the Kids of Asia charity organization will be essential in managing the provision of the greatly needed aid to the needy kids. Supply Chain Management of Sap is likely to enable the given

Why Economies Grow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Why Economies Grow - Essay Example Any country is said to be developed if the demand & supply chain of that country show that there is more supply of goods than demand by the market. Many factors count in this regard, the natural resources according to the geography, manufacturing, distribution, consumption, exchange medium etc. All these factors set the constraints & parameters in which the economy of any country works & may or may not flourish. All activities happening in a country also account for its economic growth. The occupations, education, business & investments are the basic pillars upon which the economy stands. The greater amount of people a country produce as literates or skilled workers, the more productivity will increase & the economy will grow. More the resources are being used by the government for its people, the less will be the demand & ultimately the economy will boost. Any country’s economy initially depends upon the extraction of natural resources like iron, coal, oil & gas, petroleum et c, then these are transformed from raw structure to products like machines, furniture, clothes etc, then these products are supplied to consumers along with the personal services provided by skilled workers. Finally economy depends upon the private & public sector facilities which include hospitals, transports, libraries, institutes etc. All these factors play their parts in the growth of any state’s economy. Overall, the size of economy of any country is determined by the Gross domestic product GDP & GDP per capita of that country, which only includes such economic activities in which the money is exchanged. The living standards in a particular state are measured through GDP per capita & every change in GDP indicates a change in the living standards. Economic growth is defined as the â€Å"increasing capacity of the economy to satisfy the wants of goods and services of the members of society. Economic growth is enabled by increases in productivity, which lowers the inputs i ncluding labor, capital, material, energy, etc for a given amount of output†. (Kendrick, John W.1961). In his famous book Why Economies Grow, Jeff Madrick argued that market growth through trade & expansion is the biggest factor of economical development. He also said that technological advancement is not the cause of economical growth in developed countries, rather it is an effect caused by the economical revolution during the mid of 20th century. The economic growth also generates such resources which improvise the social services sector which includes healthcare, safety, good infrastructure, education etc. Such kinds of resources diminish the affects of unequal distribution of income in the society & are equally distributed amongst the whole population. Hence every individual can take benefit from it. The healthier & stronger a nation, stronger will be the country & the economy will get more stable. Such resources increase the living standards of the general public & thus h uman development propels economic development of a country. If there is an increase in average income, it leads to proper use of social services provided thus building a healthy & prosperous nation. On the other hand, if poverty is reduced, there will be more use of social services & more population will enjoy their benefits. Economic growth is often related to Economic Freedom, which offers a surviving Hope to Countries which are struggling with poverty & other severe issues. Such countries must develop such policies by which economic growth will increase & then they have to go on the subject of health & food. The policies may include economic freedom in which citizens are allowed to make their own economic policies without the interference of

Memo 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Memo 3 - Essay Example Secondly, in line with Petrolia’s success, it is on the negative since the mining of oil has been destructive and harmful to the people hence she may not awarded the justice it deserves. For the state of Petrolia to pursue this case versus the United States, the international law embraces world wide peace to be upheld by all member states. It is stated in the united Security Council charter that no member state shall be involved in the internal affairs of any nation. All member states enjoy their right of sovereignty without external influence. It is on this note that the united sates failed to follow and obey the rule of law in involving the crisis between Petrolia and the rebels. The Security Council was supposed to give consent on the issue for the United States to move in with the interest of solving the crisis. It is on this ground that the international law favors Petrolia since her rights has been violated. Secondly, she surprised the world community to strike Petrolia in the name of preserving international peace. This was totally out of order since our affairs do not pose any harm in the region thus there was no need to attach us. In addition, The united states was biased in dealing with these issue it was like supporting the northwest to be independent so as to avail her interest of oil in the region. It is evident that her rush to announce war on Petrolia was an act of catalyzing the effort of declaring her interest in the oil fields. This shall be enough evidence to show that their move of attacking Petrolia’s military was negative driven. This articulates that the international law shall favor Petrolia. In regard to the second question of succeeding in this dispute, the office of the attorney wishes to note that the sate will not succeed since in the process of oil mining it has failed to take care of her citizens. It has exposed her people to health hazards, which has seen an increase of cancer cases in the area as a

IKEA Stores Layout and Sizes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IKEA Stores Layout and Sizes - Assignment Example It was impressed upon his young mind that the most should be made out of the limited resources and that the essentials of modern living may be acquired at reasonable cost. From the time he set up his first business in the 1930s and registered as IKEA in 1943, Kamprad’s overriding strtegy was to adopt every cost-cutting solution that did not compromise quality and innovative ideas (Ikea.com, 2012). The diagram that follows shows IKEA’s key strategic thrusts by which it seeks to flesh out Kamprad’s vision. Central to the strategy is the simple and creative design which is well-received by the market; it is distributed through large stores with a wide range of products, all priced inexpensively, designed in flat packs, and requiring customer assembly. IKEA’s Strategic Direction (http://sites.google.com/site/faizahmadali/IKEA.JPG) The manner by which the stores provide customer accessibility to a wide selection of useful products, and the manner by which the p roducts are inexpensively priced, easily stored and transported through flat packed boxes, and engage end-user participation in their assembly all contribute to customer engagement through low cost, durable quality, and aesthetic appeal. 2. Three organizational tensions, and how the strategic direction addresses them. The diagram on the next page shows a strategic map of the company, identifying in blue the central goal of providing furniture and accessories for the home, the four principal strategic objectives arranged in a square around the goal, and the elements that support the goal and objectives. http://www.monografias.com/trabajos89/strategy-michael-porter/image011.jpg The elements that contribute to the realization of the objectives or goals provide clues to various organizational tensions between the firm and its stakeholders, due to factors both internal and external to the organisation. By tension is meant the existence of clashing interests between stakeholders and the c ompany. For IKEA, some customers have taken issue with (and even ridiculed) the manner by which IKEA products presume the customers’ adequate capability in assembling the product. This creates tension in the need to design easy-to-assemble units vis-a-vis the need to engage customer participation in the assembly process. Internal IKEA store layout featuring products’ flatpack design (Facenda, 1999) A second source of tension is the need to create a variety of designs, which clashes with the need to reduce manufacturing costs. Ordinarily, cost reduction is best achieved through product standardization, rather than product diversification needed to produce a variety of products . By seeking to diversify but at the same time mass-produce, tensions are created between the production unit of the firm and the marketing unit which identifies the variety of product lines offered in IKEA stores. Finally, a third source of tension is in the size of IKEA stores and its repercussi ons upon the community. The size of IKEA stores are as a rule large enough to enable customers to access all possible

Impact ofUuninsured Population Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Impact ofUuninsured Population - Essay Example Health premiums alone rose threefold over average American incomes during the period 2000 - 04. This was largely the cause of 'under' insurance. A serious concern with Americans today is the possible fall out of being ill or injured in such circumstances. Most of the increase in the uninsured is due to an increase in the adult population to over 8 million equaled by a rise in the uninsured population to about 6 and a half million. About 4 million of this segment is below 200 percent of the poverty level. There are increases in uninsured even among the high income bracket of the population. Moreover, the shift in employment patterns suggests a large number veering toward employment in small size firms or self employment. Major figures for the uninsured or under insured are seen in this segment and most likely the trend will continue. The decline in employer sponsored health coverage will continue and costs of health insurance are far in excess of earnings and will continue to be so. Government intervention through public sponsored initiatives like tax credits or health programs is sure to be hampered by large budget deficits hampering state initiatives. In some states the growth in health care costs even outpaces state incomes. What are the implications in all this, fo... If the costs of health coverage are now being passed on to the individual, how do we widen the net to protect the underinsured and prevent the uninsured from drifting off into total hopelessness Suggested below are three initiatives can start and manage to face the risks from the uninsured population turning its back on us: Profit balanced with growth Product Mix Re-organize Structure (King, 2006) Profit balanced with growth drives the Business The issue - Economies of scale exist in the health care management industry but do not enable low premiums and ensure growth. Promotion of growth actually hampers profits as the issue concerning us is to be able to keep servicing our corporate clients, many of whom are offloading costs to each employee. We need aggressive double digit increases and pursue expansion of enrolments. Profits are important to us as they will help us survive a possible downturn caused by a low premium regime. Our goal would be achieve a premium yield of about 20% which would help us outpace the cost of expansion. This would come through our corporate clients It is suggested we that we prune down our client list to include those who would be able to share these costs. Ultimately, we would benefit from reducing the growing numbers of uninsured and passing off associated costs to those who can afford these. Degree of risk - Growth in enrollment would probably put us for a while in the path of unpredictable developments like rate of inclusion of new clinical technologies which would make costs spiral. This trend could be weathered by us as we have a mix of clients including those who came to us from other providers. This would be more preferable to the present trend of holding premium prices down in order to

IKEA Stores Layout and Sizes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IKEA Stores Layout and Sizes - Assignment Example It was impressed upon his young mind that the most should be made out of the limited resources and that the essentials of modern living may be acquired at reasonable cost. From the time he set up his first business in the 1930s and registered as IKEA in 1943, Kamprad’s overriding strtegy was to adopt every cost-cutting solution that did not compromise quality and innovative ideas (Ikea.com, 2012). The diagram that follows shows IKEA’s key strategic thrusts by which it seeks to flesh out Kamprad’s vision. Central to the strategy is the simple and creative design which is well-received by the market; it is distributed through large stores with a wide range of products, all priced inexpensively, designed in flat packs, and requiring customer assembly. IKEA’s Strategic Direction (http://sites.google.com/site/faizahmadali/IKEA.JPG) The manner by which the stores provide customer accessibility to a wide selection of useful products, and the manner by which the p roducts are inexpensively priced, easily stored and transported through flat packed boxes, and engage end-user participation in their assembly all contribute to customer engagement through low cost, durable quality, and aesthetic appeal. 2. Three organizational tensions, and how the strategic direction addresses them. The diagram on the next page shows a strategic map of the company, identifying in blue the central goal of providing furniture and accessories for the home, the four principal strategic objectives arranged in a square around the goal, and the elements that support the goal and objectives. http://www.monografias.com/trabajos89/strategy-michael-porter/image011.jpg The elements that contribute to the realization of the objectives or goals provide clues to various organizational tensions between the firm and its stakeholders, due to factors both internal and external to the organisation. By tension is meant the existence of clashing interests between stakeholders and the c ompany. For IKEA, some customers have taken issue with (and even ridiculed) the manner by which IKEA products presume the customers’ adequate capability in assembling the product. This creates tension in the need to design easy-to-assemble units vis-a-vis the need to engage customer participation in the assembly process. Internal IKEA store layout featuring products’ flatpack design (Facenda, 1999) A second source of tension is the need to create a variety of designs, which clashes with the need to reduce manufacturing costs. Ordinarily, cost reduction is best achieved through product standardization, rather than product diversification needed to produce a variety of products . By seeking to diversify but at the same time mass-produce, tensions are created between the production unit of the firm and the marketing unit which identifies the variety of product lines offered in IKEA stores. Finally, a third source of tension is in the size of IKEA stores and its repercussi ons upon the community. The size of IKEA stores are as a rule large enough to enable customers to access all possible

Cultural Geography Ethnic,, Mosaic of Languages or Geolingustics, Assignment

Cultural Geography Ethnic,, Mosaic of Languages or Geolingustics, Political Geography - Assignment Example in the American culture, Cinco de Mayo as a holiday in America, and even African American Christian Churches that follow African traditions like singing and dancing. 2) Is the USA a plural society or a melting pot? Take a position and defend your position. The USA can be considered both a plural society and a melting pot. Since Americans have freedom to be separate, like the Amish, White Supremacist groups, or certain Islamic groups, the USA is a plural society. However main streams Americans are a melting pot. Irish, African American, Latino, Polish, German, and the other diverse cultures work, play, love, and intermix daily in America. All of the cultures keep a part of their heritage, but melt with the other cultures as well. 3) Compare and contrast the Amish of Pennsylvania and the Cajuns of Louisiana. How did these groups end up where they are and what is unique about them? Amish Mennonites immigrated to Pennsylvania in the 18th century due to religious wars, poverty, and religious persecution in Europe. The Amish shun technology and keep to themselves. Cajuns are descendants of Acadian exiles, French-speaking settlers from parts of what is now Canada. The Cajuns speak an evolved French, despite being Americans. 4) Contrast the rimland and heartland political theories of geopolitics. Rimland is the land surrounding a country, like the states on the border of America. Heartland is the land inside a country. The political theory is the rimland holds the key to the heartland’s defense. If the rimland falls, then the heartland is in danger. However some feel the heartland is more important due to its impenetrability. The heartland can supply the rimland with support in any war or fight. Although there is no doubt that the rimland trade advantages are vital to a country. 5) Describe how formal and functional regions can be applied to political geography. Give your own examples. Formal regions are regions with defining features from border to

How Is Science Combating Food Shortages in Africa Essay Example for Free

How Is Science Combating Food Shortages in Africa Essay Africa has been fighting a constant battle against starvation for decades. What with an uncontrollably growing population and harsh dry climate, its no wonder that not only Africa, but the world could be in for a big crisis: the lack of food. With over 7 billion people in this world to feed, one billion in Africa, its a wonder that our planet can support this mass population, and the situation is going to get much worse unless there is a solution as to how the shortage of food can be fixed. Since the 1970’s, scientists have experimented with Genetically Modified foods (GM foods). That means that they’ve changed the organisms, and the DNA, in order to enhance some aspects of the food or fix any possible faults. So far, GM organisms have proved to increase food production, which is a relevant and effective solution. This solution has indeed raised arguments, creating economical, ethical and societal implications. Genetically modified foods could be the solution to save Africa from the endless starvation and malnourishment. It offers something completely new; it is a biotechnical solution that is different to any other option considered to aid those suffering from the lack of food in Africa. GM crops grow faster, produce much more, need less time and less labor. It would be a permanent solution. Unlike transferring food across the oceans in order to give aid, GM foods would be able to be produced in the countries that actually will need and use them, instead of relying on other wealthier nations to bring it to them. This would also teach these less developed countries how to manage on their own, and not being supported or aided by the more economically developed countries. Even more positive aspects of this solution are, that these GM crops have longer shelf-life, meaning that they do not have to be consumed immediately, but they can be stored for longer. Furthermore; they don’t require as many natural resources and materials as normal crops, which is good cause Africa itself doesn’t offer that many, which is one of the reasons as to why it’s in the situation that it is in right now. This would give an exceptional amount of aid and hope to the people of Africa as it would fix one major issue that has been developing throughout the years, and help them defeat other problems that their nations are facing. However, there are always downsides to these new inventions. Firstly, GM foods haven’t been in the know for long enough to know if they have any side affects that humans should be concerned of. Many people resist the idea of genetical modification because of this uncertainty. The foods and crops could always trigger allergic reactions, which might be fatal in nations that offer poor medical aid, or any health impacts for humans and even animals. However, the certainty that these problems exist is only an assumption. For as far we know, there might be no bad consequences or effects that GMO’s might bring. Another issue is how this will work in the nations of Africa. The leaders of the nations might decide that this is an uncertain and doubtful solution, that might only bring harm to their countries. Or some nations might fear change, even if it could help the starvation issues that they’re struggling with. The only thing that the developed nations could do in this case, would be to try and negotiate as to how this solution can help them, not only temporarily but in the long run as well. Also, it will be a very cheap solution, which will be a major attraction to many nation as their economical situations aren’t that great. Furthermore, the annual cost of individuals having to purchase the genetically modified seeds will be an issue, as the continent is generally very poor. The effect of growing and consuming genetically modified crops is still unknown, however many possible and realistic assumptions have been made. A possible dilemma is the harm that these organisms could cause to other organisms in the nature. For an example, the mortality rate of monarch butterfly caterpillars has gone up recently, due to the wind blowing pollen from genetically modified B.t corn to milkweed plants, that the caterpillars consume. A nature study was held in order to find out whether this was true or not, and the results were in fact pointing towards the pollen being the cause of death. There are also countless other victims of genetic engineering, however they cannot be prevented as the toxins that kill the pests are also harmful to other insects. Unfortunately, in order to grow healthy crops without a financial loss, the use of these B.t toxins is essential. Another issue that could arise from this is cross-breeding of these herbicide tolerant crops and the weeds themselves, resulting in a ‘superweed’ that would be immune to these toxins. That could cause in mass destruction of crops and a great financial loss to the farmers, as well as an unnatural new specie. An issue that could arise within the use of GM crops is the strain on the economies of the nations using them. It would be quite expensive to transport the GM foods across the globe, and it would also take some time. Also, the cost of these seeds can be expected to rise due to the technology used to create them. A more developed country and farm could possibly afford the annual cost of these crops, however a less economically developed country cannot. A solution for this problem could be funding the production and research of GM foods. An example of such a funder is the Rockefeller Foundation, who has founded the research and production of genetically modified rice. GM rice would be a very costly process but with the help of funders and other wealthy companies the cost of expense can be reduced. Since the population of already 7 billion is estimated to almost double in the upcoming 50 years, the worlds biggest dilemma at the moment is to find a solution as to how to feed all these people and how our natural resources won’t be all used up. GM crops is one of the many solutions thought to solve this problem, however, like the rest of them, it comes with many different positive and negative aspects. Furthermore, since it is such a new invention, and not a lot of research has been done yet, the effects and consequences are unknown. If the massive population growth could be stalled for a few decades, say by introducing a one-child-policy, then the development of solutions such as GM crops could be completed meanwhile. This would be a really effective way to provide food aid to the peoples of the world, especially Africa, in order to defeat hunger and starvation, and it would also slow down the growth of the population, maybe even declining it.

Kneeling During the National Anthem: An Opinion Piece

Kneeling During the National Anthem: An Opinion Piece A Bad Combination The NFL represents â€Å"The National Football League,† which contains thirty-two professional American teams (â€Å"NFL Football Teams,† para 1). Over the past year to present time, there has been a lot of controversy within the league concerning a major political issue with select NFL players kneeling during the playing of the national anthem before kickoff. Kneeling is executed to represent a form of silent protest. The NFL players who are kneeling believe that there are prevailing issues in the United States that need to be brought to the public’s attention. According to the philosopher, Boxill, protest is meant to not only stop the injustice from happening, but to also show self-respect (Boxill, para 1). The injustices that the NFL players are silently protesting against during the playing of the national anthem, are police brutality and racial inequalities occurring in the United States. The issues behind the protest should be addressed, but the way the NFL is allowing players to kneel during a time which celebrates patriotism and the symbolic representation of our country, should not be allowed. The protest first began in the NFL when a player from the San Francisco 49ers sat on the benches during the playing of the national anthem at preseason games (Mindock, para 3). Later in the season, he changed to kneeling during the national anthem while his other teammates remained standing (para 4). Ever since the first player, Colin Kaepernick, kneeled during the anthem, it has started a widespread protest encouraging other players in the NFL to join. The reasons behind the protest, such as police brutality and racial inequalities, are extensive issues in the United States. According to the mapping of police violence, police have killed 1,079 people in the United States this year. Of these 1,079 people, 26 percent of those killed were of the African American race, which represents 13 percent of the American population (â€Å"Mapping Police Violence†). These statistics are well known and alarming to most. The NFL players felt that something needed to be done in order to bring the injustices to the public’s attention. As mentioned above, the protest itself is genuine, but the way it is being executed is exceptionally wrong and troubling. My first argument, is that the form of protest the NFL players are using shows disrespect towards the members of the military and the American flag because the national anthem is played during sporting events to display patriotism for the wars that were fought. The national anthem was written by Francis Scott Key during the War of 1812, which was a conflict between Great Britain and the United States, killing roughly 15,000 Americans (â€Å"Star Spangled Banner Lyrics,† para 2). By kneeling, the players are showing a lack of patriotism for our country and this draws attention away from their concept of protesting. Under Title 36 in the United States Code, Section 301 states, â€Å"all other person’s present should face the flag and stand at attention with their right hand over the heart, and men not in uniform, if applicable, should remove their headdress with their right hand and hold it at the left shoulder, the hand being over the heart† (â€Å"United States Code,† para 2). Although there is no federal punishment for violating the United States code, it shows overall disrespect towards the country. Many soldiers have lost their lives fighting for the freedom of the United States, and to military personnel, it may come off as very discourteous. The first argument not only enrages the majority who serve in the military, but it also upsets the fans. The disrespectfulness fans perceive from the way the protest is performed, can lead to unintended consequences. Protesting in the public eye may lead to boycotts and un-peaceful events. Ever since the protest began, more security has been needed at the games to protect fans from violence that might occur due to the kneeling that takes place (â€Å"Refusing to Stand for the National Anthem,† para 8). Also, fans have been committing arson by burning the jerseys of players who promote the protest to show dislike (para 8). Not only is the kneeling making the audience feel uneasy, but causing them to lash out to also be heard. My second argument, is that not standing up during the national anthem is a very ineffective way to promote a protest of injustice. Kneeling during the national anthem catches the viewers’ attention, but can be a major distraction (para 6). It can be a distraction to their teammates and can also cause internal team controversy for those who don’t agree with the style of protest. Not standing for the national anthem before the game, can get in the way of the main message they are trying to protest, which is police brutality and racial injustices. The national anthem stands for men and women who have fought for our country (para 5). Once people see a player kneel, it is hard for them to get past the perceived disrespect for the military personnel of the United States and listen to the deeper concerns of the protest. Many fans get distracted by the action the players are performing, not even realizing there is a bigger cause behind the action. Not only does it distract the players and the audience, but it takes away from the overall football game starting minutes after the kneeling occurs. In addition, the protest draws attention away from the actual reason people bought tickets, which was to view and enjoy the football game between two opposing teams. There are many objections that you could use to rebuttal against the first argument. I think the best objection is that if one believes the United States is not holding up the foundations the country was established on, not standing during the playing of the national anthem is reasonable. The reason the protest was executed by kneeling, was because Kaepernick felt that his country wasn’t showing justice for all and was oppressing African Americans (para 3). He did not want to show pride in a country and flag that undermined police brutality and racial injustices, acting like these were not issues in the United States. Many other players now kneel during the national anthem for this reason. The players are not purposely trying to offend the military, police, or others who find it disrespectful, they are trying to bring recognition to the issues, so other people can be informed. Raising awareness of social injustice is their main target, not dishonoring those who have risked their lives for America (para 3). Another major objection to the first argument could be that kneeling during the national anthem is protected by the First Amendment. The football players are exercising their constitutional right to peacefully protest, bringing the issues of police brutality and racial injustices to the public’s attention. Legally, there was nothing wrong with Kaepernick’s form of protest. The players of the NFL have the right to speak out and make a statement about something they believe is unfair. The First Amendment states, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances† (Staff, para 1). In addition, it is an individual’s choice whether or not he or she wishes to participate in standing for the national anthem. With the freedom of speech, comes the right to express your opinion peacefully with either direct words or symbolic actions without diminution, and that’s exactly what the NFL players are doing (â€Å"What Does Free Speech Mean?,† para 1). The second argument emphasized that kneeling during the national anthem is not an effective way to promote and protest the injustice occurring in the United States. A possible response to this argument could be that kneeling is an effective way to promote the issues because it easily grabs people’s eyes on a platform that is viewed by millions of Americans. Kneeling is an unexpected action taken by the NFL players and it shocks the audience which makes them pay attention to the issues (para 6). This sparked other players to join Kaepernick in the kneeling because they realized the public would react, good or bad. Also, it created a conversation on social media and in the news. The protest spread like wildfire, and people were widely talking about it. On social media, there were those who took the NFL players’ side and others who did not agree with the form of protest. By grabbing the fans’ attention, they are able to speak out and voice their opinions on racial issues that needed to be displayed. Now that the public is more aware of the police brutality and racial injustices, actions can be taken to try to prevent those injustices from happening further. The objection to the first argument was that refusing to stand during the anthem was justified if you feel that your country is not holding up the ideals it was founded on. The other objection to the first argument was that the right to peacefully protest is protected by the First Amendment. A response to these two objections could be that yes, NFL players are protected by the First Amendment, but if they are going to protest it should be done respectfully. The national anthem is repeatedly used to honor those who lost their lives or those who were injured while fighting for the United States. It is not something that should be belittled by a protest against totally separate prevailing issues. You gain self-respect from protesting injustices done to you (para 1). Through this form of protest, the NFL players are gaining self-respect, but are alienating others such as select military personnel and viewers who don’t agree with kneeling. The players are utilizing the First Amendment to proceed with their protest, and therefore can’t fully state that the United States is not holding up its ideals which is the reason why they kneel. As for the second argument, the objection was that kneeling is an effective way to protest because it makes others notice and is widely seen by many. A response to this could be that kneeling does grab people’s attention, but it takes away from the game NFL players are paid to play. Adding politics to a professional sport, creates even more tension and possibly the loss of fans. There are more effective ways to protest that are more serene and reduce unintended consequences. The players could conduct a protest that can be heard and seen outside of the football game, or even spread the issues another way during the game. Several other ways the NFL players can speak out about the police brutality and racial injustice in the United States could be by wearing a piece of clothing, making a speech, or dedicating a color to the cause. Another alternative could be the NFL players kneeling before the national anthem playing begins and then standing back up, which shows solidarity without being divisive. If they used one of the other ways mentioned, people would not feel disrespected and attention would still be drawn to the present issues. The protest against police brutality and racial injustices began by one NFL player kneeling during the playing of the national anthem. This created tension between fans and the players. Now, there are over 200 players kneeling for these issues and the number of players participating in the protest is growing. There are some who think the kneeling is justified and others who believe it is disrespecting our country and those who fought for the United States. Police brutality and racial injustice are major issues occurring throughout the country, and it is important for others to speak out on the issues they believe are corrupt. Due to the First Amendment, people have the right to freedom of speech with includes peaceful protest, which is what the NFL players are executing. Although protesting by kneeling during the national anthem is viewed by many as disrespectful and can cause viewers to have negative thoughts towards the NFL, players are proceeding with the protest. There is a significant reason behind the cause, but the form of protest could be conducted in a more efficient and less controversial way. The kneeling should not be allowed during the national anthem, so that there is less tension and miscommunication between the public and players. The protest should be executed in a different way in order to only draw full attention to the issues at hand. Works Cited Boxill, Bernard R. â€Å"Self-Respect and Protest.†Ã‚  Self-Respect and Protest, vol. 6, no. 1, 15 Feb. 2017, pp. 1–13. Accessed 3 Dec. 2017. â€Å"NFL Football Teams Official Sites of all 32 NFL Teams.†Ã‚  NFL.com, 2017,www.nfl.com/teams. Accessed 12 Dec. 2017. â€Å"Police have killed 1,079 people in the U.S. this year.†Ã‚  Mapping Police Violence, 4 Dec. 2017, mappingpoliceviolence.org/. Accessed 3 Dec. 2017. â€Å"Refusing to Stand for the National Anthem: Top 3 Pros and Cons.† ProConorg Headlines, Procon.org, 27 Sept. 2017, www.procon.org/headline.php?headlineID=005323. Accessed 3 Dec. 2017. Staff, LII. â€Å"First Amendment.†Ã‚  LII / Legal Information Institute, 5 Feb. 2010, www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/first_amendment. Accessed 3 Dec. 2017. â€Å"Star Spangled Banner Lyrics.† Star Spangled Banner Lyrics and Meaning ***, 2017, www.american-historama.org/1801-1828-evolution/star-spangled-banner-lyrics.htm. Accessed 10 Dec. 2017. Mindock, Clark. â€Å"Taking a knee: Why are NFL players protesting and when did they start to kneel?†Ã‚  The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 25 Sept. 2017, www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/taking-a-knee-national-anthem-nfl-trump-why-meaning-origins-racism-us-colin-kaepernick-a7966961.html. Accessed 12 Dec. 2017. â€Å"United States Code.†Ã‚  OLRC Home, United States House of Representatives, uscode.house.gov/browse/[emailprotected]/subtitle1/partA/chapter3&edition=prelim. Accessed 3 Dec. 2017. â€Å"What Does Free Speech Mean?† United States Courts, www.uscourts.gov/about-federal courts/educational-resources/about-educational-outreach/activity-resources/what-does. Accessed 11 Dec. 2017.

Development of a Sustainable Democracy in East Germany and Poland :: Political Politics

Development of a Sustainable Democracy in East Germany and Poland Linz and Stepan list and describe a set of five elements that determine a consolidated democracy. Civil society, political society, rule of law, usable state of bureaucracy, and an institution of economic society all interact in complex ways to bring about democratic consolidation in countries. This paper focuses and emphasizes the interactions between the ^development of a free and lively civil society . . . [and] an institutionalized economic society . . . [which] must be present, or be crafted, in order for a democracy to be consolidated^ (Linz and Stepan pg. 17). Two former communist countries, East Germany and Poland, will be analyzed and critiqued about the prospects for sustainable democracy. Specifically, an analysis of the civil societies in the countries and how they react to their current economic situations will be used as a determinant for their chances of sustaining democracy. Both East Germany and Poland are considered success stories. Both countries have undergone free elections that have brought about new leaders in the country that have represented the citizens needs and wants, but the transition for these countries hasn^t been easy. Many citizens in both of the former Soviet bloc countries feel that their votes aren^t changing the social and economic conditions, and are rejecting the system with this ^learned helplessness^. An increasing number of citizens in both countries are turning to right wing policies as a result of the new and challenging social and economic order. Where before workers were guaranteed jobs, allowances, and other provisions from the state, now they face the cutthroat competition that defines capitalism. The economic societies in the countries have been approached from very different angles. Whereas East Germany was immediately incorporated into the strong economic and social conditions of West Germany, Poland was forced to handle the transition alone. While in East Germany labor and initiative collapsed and flowed West, Poland had no where to go, and the capitalist West flowed into their economy in the form of investments. The result has been very positive for Poland, which is now one of the fastest growing economies in Europe, but very negative for East Germany which is dawdling in high unemployment and low foreign investment. In societies where the party aspired to control all aspects of life, including persecution for unauthorized association, social life was very weak. Martial law and danger of persecution for unauthorized activities encouraged citizens in both countries to restrict their social ties to kin and very close friends. The result of this phenomenon has had a profound effect on the quality of civil

Negative effects of technology

Technology has had a negative effect on people's lives. Technology has distracted kids, caused accidents, and health problems. It's actually kind of sad. Technology has negatively affected kids In such a huge way, especially In schools. Most kids claim they're bored so they pull out their cell phones or Pods. Their attention span isn't but so big, so they tend to get distracted easily by fumbling with their phones and playing games. This is why phones aren't allowed in most schools today.Reason being is because teachers find it very disrespectful and rude when they are trying to teach and students aren't learning or listening. The most commonly used technology today is the cell phone. Cell phones cause so many things to happen. Most car accidents are cause by being on cell phones. In a teens mind they think sending this one word or message Is wont hurt while they're driving but In reality It does. They have so many commercials about the consequences of testing and driving. Most teens Just don't listen.It's not Just the teens either, It's even the adults that text and drive. Adults are supposed to be role models for the younger generation not the opposite. Most people don't know that technology causes health problems. Being on a cell phone for too long and having so close to a person's eyes can mess up their vision. Also talking on the phone can cause cancer. Of course a person wouldn't get cancer just by one phone call, it would take some time. Another major health problem caused by technology is Carpal tunnel syndrome.Testing excessively can damage the nerves in someone's hands and fingers, causing numbness, tingling, and weakness. These are Just a few health problems caused by technology. It's Just amazing how something created by man can cause so many negative things to happen. Just by being on a cell phone while driving could cost someone their life, having a cell phone or Pod out could cost a child's education, or even testing could cause permanent damage. Technology has negative effects on people's lives daily. Negative effects of technology By redoneTechnology has negatively affected kids in such a huge way, especially in schools. Most kids claim they're bored so they pull out their cell phones or ‘pods. Their teens mind they think sending this one word or message is won't hurt while they're driving but in reality it does. They have so many commercials about the consequences of testing and driving. Most teens Just don't listen. It's not Just the teens either, it's even the adults that text and drive. Negative Effects of Technology Technology can not only negatively effect ones physical health, privacy but there are also emotional and psychological effects which can be disastrous. ’ Internet addiction is a psychological dependency on using the internet regardless of the type of activity once logged on’ . caplan 02. ‘a cycle of five successive and interdependent stages’. young01. Discovery, experimentation, escalation, compulsion, and hope lessness lead the person through a series of cause and effect emotions.. yong. 08 describes a person with a tendancy to avoid life problems by medicating him self with the internet. Lonely people with low self esteem choose emotional relationships with cyberspace frinds. Becase ‘real’ individuals rejecting them is no longer possible, the person feels safe and confident in his world of denial. abs 08. Bisides social awkwardness and isolation the psychologically dependant person is one who tends to avoid real life situation and problems. abs. 08.. speaks of increasing absence from work as a woman’s online sexual fantasies grew into an obcession . to feel angry, jealous, rejected and abandoned as they experience the emotional pain of an online affair by their partner. Conflict and emotional cost is also a result of poker playing online. chb. 00. states that intense players played 3 times longer than the majority, in one study.. Other life activities would be effected more and more. An incrase in emotional pain resulting. However, emotional pain is not only caused by the individual’s online behavior but also the financial strain of the addiction. Chb09.. states that in its study of online poker players, most player moderated their behavior based on wins and losses. 1 the most involved players. However, did not this would indicate a high financial strain when these players experienced loss. Nms07 study on problem gambling on the internet found that 42. 7% of internet gamblers were problem gamblers. b. Another emotional result of online gambling is the altered perception of the gambler making him less aware of financial risks. nmss07.. The predictable remorse and guilt fallows the loss of money. Many online gaming sites give the impussion that pay out rates of demo session apply to regular play which is untrue. Demo sessions also will set up an imagined ‘big win’ which the article states sets a person up for problem gambling in the future. Aa ther are risk factors for those who are psychologically, vulnerable to becoming addicted to online sex. abs08. millions of adult sites abs08 are available 24 hours a day, 7 days aweek. The underlying factor of accessible ‘free’ sex and gambling contributes to addiction for those particular people. abs. abs.. Besides easy access, being anonymous also increases addictive tendancies for those most prone to be effected. Online users can experiment freely and confidently in the virtual world. Gamblers use electronic means to pay for services making the financial losses seem less real. Comm. With the rapid changes in technology comes both positive and negative results. Certain personality types seem more prone to online addicions to sex. Poker , and gambling. The availability of the internet and the relatively inexpensive world of excitement and pretending, seems to be an unpleasant reality makes fantasy even more attractive. The high emotional price for the addict and his loud ones, is just beginning to be revealed.

Introduction of Aeon Essay

Aeon CO. (M) BHD was incorporated on 15 September 1984 in response to the Malaysian Government’s invitation to Aeon Japan to help modernise the retailing industries in Malaysia. Nowadays, Aeon CO. (M) BHD is a leading retailer in Malaysia with a total revenue of RM3.26 billion for the financial year ended 31 December 2012 and it is well established among Malaysians as well as foreigners, especially due to its association with the international Aeon Group of Companies. The Aeon Group of Companies consists of Aeon Co., Ltd. and about 200 consolidated subsidiaries and affiliated companies. Not only focus on its core GMS, supermarkets and convenience store operations, Aeon is also active in specialty store operations and shopping centre development, operations, credit card business and services. Although Aeon Group of Companies is an integrated Japanese retailer, it is active throughout Southeast Asia and China but not just in Japan. As a leading chain of General Merchandise Stores (GMS), Aeon designs a constant interior refurbishment of stores to satisfy the ever changing needs and desires of consumers. The management’s acute understanding of target market needs and the provision of an optimal product-mix has also further enhanced the company’s performance. In order to cater to Malaysia’s vast middle income group, Aeon stores are mostly situated in suburban residential areas. Besides ,Aeon activities are guided by its unchanging ‘Customer First’ philosophy at all the times and it aims to surpass expectations by combining excellent products with unique personal services that enhance the shopping experience to make customers smile whenever they are shopping in Aeon.

Luxury brands growth in India Essay

Lack of quality luxury space, environment and dearth of high street or super premium malls is a prime reason for restricted presence of luxury brands in India, thus there is a dire need for modernized and dedicated luxury retail areas in protected vicinities such as airports, according to a recent ASSOCHAM-KPMG joint study. â€Å"Setting up stores in high streets affects luxury retailers’ profitability due to sky-rocketing rental costs, moreover, high streets are very cluttered, crowded and are unsuitable due to the absence of exclusive ambience that luxury retail demands,† according to a study on ‘Challenges highlighted by luxury retailers in India,’ jointly conducted by The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India (ASSOCHAM) and KPMG. The Indian luxury market grew at a healthy rate of 30% to reach $8. 5 billion in 2013 and is likely to continue growing at a healthy pace of about 20%, and reach $14 billion by 2016 owing to rising number of wealthy people, growing middle class, affluent young consumers and other related factors. Though, India currently enjoys just one-two per cent share in the global luxury market but it is the fifth most attractive market for international retailers. Fragmented and diversified consumer base in India is another significant challenge being faced by luxury retailers in India as high net worth individual ( HNI) consumers are not easy to reach, noted the ASSOCHAM-KPMG study. Luxury brands need to strategically design their growth plans to tap demand across three categories of HNIs, namely – the inheritors (traditionally wealthy) who are habitual spenders; the professional elite who are discerning spenders; a large segment of business giants (entrepreneurs, owners of small and medium enterprises) who have the money but lack appreciation for fine luxury goods because of no prior exposure to such products, it added. â€Å"There is a need for luxury brands to focus on expansion in the type and nature of products being offered and increasingly adopt innovative marketing plans to tap rapidly evolving consumer behavioral trends,† said Mr D. S. Rawat, secretary general of ASSOCHAM while releasing findings of the study. â€Å"Luxury retailers need to plan out of the box marketing strategies and come up with products that are tailor-made to suit the whims and fancies of varied Indian customers,† said Rawat. † Luxury is no longer a ‘status symbol’ but is now a lifestyle and the global brands need to fast evolve and learn ways to adapt within the local environment so that they can get accustomed to nuances of the market by understanding the cultural identity of Indian consumers. † Lack of policy support is another prominent challenge being faced by luxury brands in India, noted the ASSOCHAM-KPMG study. â€Å"Despite strong demand momentum, Indian luxury market has not been viewed as policies and regulations friendly for the luxury retailers,† the report said. † Import duties (20-150 per cent) are relatively higher and this is considered as a key apprehension factor among the international players, who may resist them to frame aggressive growth plans for India,† noted the study. Clauses such as 100% foreign direct investment (FDI) in both single and multi-brand retail requires 30% of local sourcing, announced in the liberalized FDI policy in luxury retail in November 2013 could be difficult for the international luxury players to comply with. â€Å"The duties are manifold ranging from customs’ duty, counter veiling duty (CVD), special additional tax, education cess adding to the overall cost,† said Rawat. Besides, luxury retail is also affected by the system of ‘maximum retail price’ as it applies to custom duties and to cascading ‘after the custom’ taxes, thereby heavily penalizing foreign brands pushing their overall entrance costs by up to 40%. Lack of trained staff is another well-acknowledged challenge facing Indian luxury retail industry which requires greater discretion and knowledge on the part of a salesperson, further highlighted the ASSOCHAM-KPMG study. â€Å"Shortage of skilled labour for the industry is a major cause of concern as it is difficult to make the local workforce understand the heritage and legacy of the brand along with the specific finishes involved in the manufacturing process,† said Rawat. In the absence of these requisite skill sets, brands have no option but to manufacture in their country of origin; lack of skilled workers can also be attributed to the sales function where presentation and interpersonal skills form an integral element for the business. Growing prevalence of counterfeit luxury goods and a grey market are also hampering the growth of the industry, noted the ASSOCHAM-KPMG study. Most of these products belong to segments such as apparel, perfumes and accessories, which are usually lower ticket items and can be easily placed in grey channels. â€Å"Luxury players in India continue to face supply side issues such as legal loopholes pertaining tointellectual property rights, inadequate means to monitor various emerging channels, and a growing number of online portals, among other factors,† the study added. A collective, industry wide effort is likely to have a far-reaching impact in dealing with the issue – as seen in other industries such as films and music. Awareness and collaboration also needs to be built with authorities, who have experienced major revenue losses   due to loss of taxes and duties, on how to deal with counterfeits, further suggested the study to counter the growing menace of counterfeit luxury products. â€Å"Corrective measures need to be taken to banish the growth of grey luxury goods’ market in India which results in sizeable revenue losses for firms,† said Rawat, and added that a strong legal structure combined with effective framework of intellectual property protection would help prevent dilution of brand image and reduced consumer trust. â€Å"Measures in form of effective intellectual property enforcement, plugging loopholes in the legal and judicial structure and higher conviction rates can help curb the growth of fake luxury products,† said Rawat. Information collected through secondary sources such as internet and local newspapers†¦

Positioning View of McDonalds Competitive Advantage Essay

Positioning View of McDonalds Competitive Advantage - Essay Example According to the discussion McDonald’s emerges as a key player in the fast food industry and has worked relentlessly to attain a competitive advantage thereof.   The three major competitive strategies that a firm can follow include differentiation, focus, market segmentation, and low cost. In this sense, completive advantage can be conceived as the relative superiority in skills and resources. There are two major views of achieving competitive advantage, and they include resource-based view (RBV) and positioning view, which is construed as a consequence of RBV. In this discussion, the RBV and the portioning view will be defined with reference to the McDonald’s Company.This paper highlights that  resources and skills of a company are overly important as they are regarded as the major sources of competitive advantage. It is against this backdrop that the RBV is grounded and it proposes that in order to achieve competitive advantage, the assets and capabilities of a co mpany have presently scarce, not easily obtained in the market, non-substitutable and difficult to imitate besides furnishing economic value to the company. Whereas assets refer to the accumulated resource endowments of a company, capabilities are the skills that make it possible for the assets to be deployed in an advantageous manner. In regard to McDonald’s, the RBV of achieving competitive advantage is comprehended from the design and human resource dimension.  

Summary Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Summary - Article Example luating these anomia studies to focus on the efficacy of treatment depending on moderator variables such as aphasia type, severity, therapy frequency, total amount of therapy hours and number of trained items. The effect size was calculated to represent the gains made for all participants confrontational naming tasks as follows: D= (Mpost tx-Mpre tx)/SDpre tx. Further, the unbiased effect of the study was calculated as follows: Unbiased d= (1-(3/ (4*total n)-9))*d. The pre- and post-measures were categorized within studies to evaluate moderator variables such as type of aphasia, Aphasia severity, number of sessions per week and total number of therapy hours (excluding the number of sessions). To assist control for confounding variables, the effect sizes were separated for trained vs. untrained/unexposed/unrelated words. In addition, the follow-up measures were eliminated. From the experiment that was conducted, effect sizes were based on small number of studies and frequently showed a high standard deviation. The results revealed the

The Color Purple by Alice Walker (Book) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Color Purple by Alice Walker (Book) - Essay Example Celie’s husband, who obtained her in exchange of a cow succinctly stated the causes why Celie and her ilk are at a disproportionate risk for such criminal victimization i.e., â€Å"Look at you. You’re black, you’re poor, you’re ugly, you’re a woman, you’re nothing at all†. This ‘nothingness’ gives anyone the license to do anything his whims and caprices dictate him. Poverty ranks first in the list of causes that render women so vulnerable to victimization. According to Mawby and Walklate, â€Å"the poor and socially vulnerable often find themselves trapped on environments where their risk is increased and in ways they are powerless to prevent (53). In Celie’s case because they were so dirt-poor and her own mother was so uncaring to the point of being oblivious to her existence and because she has nowhere to run to, she had to bear the incestuous rape perpetrated on her by her ‘father’, who later turned out to be her stepfather, the pain of seeing her children being snatched from her grasp to be given to strangers and the ignominy of being bartered in lieu of a cow to a man much older than she. This impoverished man mistreated her, beat her, habitually raped her and forced her to take the role of a surrogate mother, at the age of 14, to 4 unruly kids. Because of poverty she became a virtual slave, a workhorse and a sex object. The incestuous rape was so destructive to Celie’s psyche that for years she can’t even smile nor talk and her only outlet for communication is her letters to God and the subsequent letters to her sister Nettie, the only being who ever loved her. These letters were being used by author Alice Walker to present the bitter odyssey of Celie’s life from a 14-year old two-time mother sold in marriage to a cruel husband (portrayed by Danny Glover) to her release from a despicable, ignominious life. This pattern of sexual abuse , first perpetrated

Media Coverage of War Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Media Coverage of War - Research Proposal Example It is timely because it is based on the recent developments more precisely the Iraq war and it is argumentative because it has several perspectives of the same. The misperceptions of media reporting in Iraq war are immensely contested, and numerous studies have found that there were rampant instances of misreporting with the aim of winning support for the war (Blue Water Media 1). Cases have been reported of journalists being embedded with soldiers who intensified biased reporting. The proposed study endeavors to answer the established research question that will illuminate on the selected topic regarding media coverage of war with particular focus on the Iraq war. As a result, for purposes of the study the main research question has been developed that will guide the whole process of the suggested study. The main research question established is The proposed study will henceforth focus on the thorough evaluation of the above questions in guiding the process of research. The processes and activities of the suggested study will be based on the endeavor to reply to the above questions. The proposed study on media coverage of war will be organized in a systematic manner and will involve several activities. Initially, a general overview of the subject will be sought whereby existing information on the topic will be evaluated. A thorough background of the study will be sought which will be followed by the collection of data that will form the basic procedure of the study. Several sources will be applied in the process of conducting the suggested study. The sources to be used will be of two categories, primary and secondary sources. Primary sources will be crucial in developing the original flavor of the research. Primary sources represent original research, which relies on new methods of finding data. Secondary sources, on the other hand, will be pivotal in exploring existing data from completed research and surveys that will

Relegion and marraige health Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Relegion and marraige health - Assignment Example Two related journals will be used to further substantiate the findings. Studying this topic will help us understand the influence religion has on marriage. The findings of religion health relationship have tremendously increased over the years. It will help in making informed decisions on how religion affects marriage and how to handle this situation. The questions asked are, The relationship between marriage and religion is complex in the context of church attendance during a week. Many of researches carried out have shown a deep relation as to why some marriages are not healthy due to one party in the marriage frequenting the church a lot in a week. Contrary to that, also different results have been derived from the same hypothesis. Some marriages have grown healthier because of frequenting the church (Marks). Irrespective of the religious affiliation, the results of the studies differ a little when it comes to the health of the marriage. It has been found that married couples that attend the church many times a week together have a healthier marriage than married couples who do not frequent the church together In this paper, the z-test was used to get these results. The test was used to sample thought of over 30 people. The valuable measures are H0: P = P0 against H1: P>

The Human Resource Function Essay Example for Free

The Human Resource Function Essay Heathfield (2007) defines Human Resource Management (HRM) as an organizational function; focusing on recruitment, management, and directing the people who work in the organization. HRM can hence be viewed as an organizational function that deals with the human resource â€Å"people who start and operate an organization, (Ramlall, 2003). Owing to the continuous political, economic, social and psychological changes within our societies, there is an increasing need for organizations to constantly evaluate their internal and external environment in response to the challenges and opportunities in the society; so as to remain competitive and to sustain organizational growth. This article examines the strategic role of Human Resource (HR) and its main practices, describes the outcomes of the respective category of (HR) practices and explains the critical reasons for measuring HRs efforts. The fundamental role of the HR to an organization is to â€Å"create value† (Ramlall, 2003) to the organization. It can hence be inferred that the critical HR’s role is to maximize profitability. Every organization, in pursuit of its strategic goals, must determine how particular HR practices correlate with improved business results and be more accountable for each major HR activity. This entails determination of the value of each HR activity in creating a competitive advantage for the organization. Without this, achievement of the organization’s goals and corporate missions may remain a dream that is never attained. There are many factors influencing change in organizational structure today. These factors include technological advancement, globalization, changes in workforce demographics, the elimination of bureaucracies in organizational structures, and the need to strike a balance between work and family issues. Understanding the potential of an organizations resources and optimizing the output of such resources, given the changes, provides an impetus for HR to become the key source of creating the competitive advantage for the organization. It is the role of the HR to build a competitive organization though strategic management of human resources, management of firm infrastructure, management of employee contributions and management of transformation and change. This can be summarized as â€Å"defining the deliverables of work† (Ulrich, 1997). This entails going beyond the strategic business partner role to becoming a player in the business. Ulrich, (1997) identifies six roles of a player in an organization. The player coach, designs, construct, creates followers, plays the rules and changes the organization. This ensures that the functioning of the organization is directed towards its goals. An effective HR personnel acts as a â€Å"facilitator and a collaborator† (Brewster, 2000). As a facilitator, the HR will function as an agent of change- providing rationale, support, and readiness for planned changes designed to support the business strategies. As a collaborator, the HR provides a link between the senior leaders and all employees to implement business strategies forming the strategic link throughout the organization. This is essential to the organization as it helps to maximize its profits. A research by Brewster, (2000) postulates that less than 10 percent of the 968 firms that participated in the study had a formal estimation procedure to measure HRM. This implies that most companies have little or no assessment of their HR department’s efforts and therefore they cannot give any quantitative measures of HRs value to the organization. Hailey, (1999) stated that the best way for HR to gain credibility in order to make meaningful changes is for practitioners to measure the cost and effectiveness of what they do. As such, the HR should be credible enough to lead the rest of the workers towards giving value to the organization. To achieve a competitive advantage, it is necessary to identify the skills that need to be developed internally for current employees and the fundamental areas of effectively managing an organization. The HR function has the most experience and knowledge in addressing these critical issues. It is therefore necessary for an organization to have an effective human resource that can efficiently achieve these vital objectives. The integration of human resources into the organizational strategy provides the basis for enabling the HR function to support and implement the strategic plan to achieve a competitive advantage, (Wofford, 2002). This strategy provides for the maximization of human capital, reduction of wasted and inefficient labor, and other financial investment, eventually to maximize profitability. An efficient HR increases the likelihood of more efficiently achieving the business outcomes and avoiding chaos, massive layoffs, crises resulting from not having skilled employees to carry out particular tasks and not having the right fit among employees, corporate strategies, and business environments, (Hailey, 1999). HR function plays a pivotal role in determining the business strategy through the assessment of the organizations capabilities to compete successfully through a particular strategy, determining the appropriate rewards system, determining appropriate organizational structures, and developing strategies to increase employee performance. All these work in achieving firm’s objectives and assessing the effectiveness of its strategic plan. Given the definition of strategic planning as how an organization will compete, the question arises as to how an organization would be able to assess the effectiveness of its strategic plan. Indicators of a successfully crafted strategic plan include creating advantages that are sustainable over a long period, (Ramlall, 2003). These include attainment of the organizations goals and objectives, the financial profitability of the organization, organizational positioning to create advantages for the short-term and long-term, and creation of a stronger sense of social responsibility. In essence, this process determines the decisions and actions an organization will undertake to create and sustain competitive advantage. It is evident that any organization that endevours to achieve a competitive advantage over its rivals and move towards its strategic goals is left with no choice but to have an effective human resource. The constant evaluation of the effectiveness of the organization results in the need for the HR professional to frequently champion change. Both knowledge about and the ability to execute successful change strategies make the HR professional exceptionally valued. Knowing how to link change to the strategic needs of the organization will minimize employee dissatisfaction and resistance to change. Only an effective HR can champion these important changes.